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Introduction To Html

HTML

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language .

It is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.

HTML describes the structure of a Web page. It is a platform independent which  can run in any platform. HTML consists of a series of elements which are known as tags. Its tag tell the browser how to display the content. Its tags label pieces of content such as "this is a heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", etc.  

       



Does html have any structure?

The answer is Yes, HTML do have structure or we can say a pattern which should be obey by the programmer while doing code in HTML.
Lets have a look on Structure.

    <html>
        <head>
            <title>
            </title>
       </head>
                <body>
                </body>
     </html>

  • html tag tells the browser that this is a html code.
  • head tag contains the information about the html code like link, script, style and many more.
  • title tag is used for display title in the url when the page is loaded.
  • body tag is used to store the code of the web page whrere we can also design our page using inline CSS, Now the questions arise that what is Inline CSS or what is CSS and why its used in html, dont worry we will also cover this.
  • /html tag is used to tell the browser that this is the end of the html code.


Lets have basic Example using the Structure of the HTML.

INPUT:
<html>
<head>
<title> A tour to HTML</title>
<head>
<body>
HELLO, this is MADINTECH SAYING U ARE COOL
</body>
</html>

OUTPUT:
HELLO, this is MADINTECH SAYING U ARE COOL



Now the  question arises that this is a syntax and where we have to write this syntax? Is there any complier available?
  • HTML is platform independent means it can run on any platform no matter which OS you are using.
  • HTML does not need any compiler it simply runs on any type of Editor like Notepad, Notepad++, Sublime text 3, and more.
  • Only we have to remember one thing that at the time of saving a file we have save it with extension .html or .htm, After doing this we have to runs it on our browser.
  • Input in notepad and output in browser.


Lets's move on to the designing part.

What is CSS and why its use in html?

  • CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
  • CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media
  • CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once
  • External stylesheets are stored in CSS files

Types of CSS:

  • Inline CSS: Inline CSS contains the CSS property in the body section attached with element is known as inline CSS. This kind of style is specified within an HTML tag using the style attribute.
Example:

<html> 
<head> 
<title>Inline CSS</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
<p style = "color:#009900; font-size:50px; 
font-style:italic; text-align:center;"> // This is Inline CSS
Hello this is MADINTECH
</p> 
</body> 
</html>  


  • Internal or Embedded CSS:  This can be used when a single HTML document must be styled uniquely. The CSS rule set should be within the HTML file in the head section i.e the CSS is embedded within the HTML file.
Example: 

<html> 
<head> 
<title>Internal CSS</title> 
<style> 
.main { 
text-align:center; 
} 
.GFG { 
color:#009900; 
font-size:50px; 
font-weight:bold; // This all bold line are Internal CSS
} 
.gg { 
font-style:bold; 
font-size:20px; 
} 
</style> 
</head> 
<body> 
<div class = "main"> 
<div class ="GFG">This is MADINTECH</div> 
<div class ="gg"> 
A blog for technoloics
</div> 
</div> 
</body> 
</html>  

  • External CSS: External CSS contains separate CSS file which contains only style property with the help of tag attributes  CSS property written in a separate file with .css extension and should be linked to the HTML document using link tag. This means that for each element, style can be set only once and that will be applied across web pages.
Example:
there is file created style.css
body {
    background-color:powderblue;
}
.main {
    text-align:center;   
}
.GFG {
    color:#009900;
    font-size:50px;
    font-weight:bold;
}
#gg{
    font-style:bold;
    font-size:20px;
}



Properties of CSS:

  •  Inline CSS has the highest priority, then comes Internal/Embedded followed by External CSS which has the least priority. 
  • Multiple style sheets can be defined on one page. If for an HTML tag, styles are defined in multiple style sheets then the below order will be followed.
  • As Inline has the highest priority, any styles that are defined in the internal and external style sheets are overridden by Inline styles.
  • Internal or Embedded stands second in the priority list and overrides the styles in the external style sheet.
  • External style sheets have the least priority. If there are no styles defined either in inline or internal style sheet then external style sheet rules are applied for the HTML tags.





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